Download Wind Electrical Systems by Bhadra, Kastha, and Banerjee for Free as PDF
Wind Electric Systems Bhadra Pdf Free 70: A Comprehensive Review
Wind energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources in the world. It is clean, abundant, and cost-effective. However, to harness the power of wind, we need to understand the principles and technologies of wind electric systems. In this article, we will review a book that covers all the aspects of wind electric systems in a comprehensive and accessible way. The book is called Wind Electrical Systems by S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha and S. Banerjee, published by Oxford University Press in 2005. We will also show you how to download the book for free as a pdf file.
Wind Electric Systems Bhadra Pdf Free 70
Introduction
What are wind electric systems?
Wind electric systems are devices that convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. They consist of three main components: a wind turbine, an electrical generator, and a power electronic converter. The wind turbine captures the wind force and rotates a shaft that drives the generator. The generator produces alternating current (AC) electricity that can be either fed into the grid or stored in batteries. The power electronic converter regulates the voltage and frequency of the electricity and controls the speed and torque of the generator.
Why are wind electric systems important?
Wind electric systems are important for several reasons. First, they provide a clean and sustainable source of energy that does not emit greenhouse gases or pollutants. Second, they reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and enhance energy security and diversity. Third, they create jobs and economic opportunities for local communities and industries. Fourth, they can be installed in remote areas where grid access is difficult or expensive.
What is the book Wind Electrical Systems by S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha and S. Banerjee?
The book Wind Electrical Systems by S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha and S. Banerjee is a comprehensive textbook that covers all the aspects of wind electric systems in a systematic and rigorous way. It is written for undergraduate and postgraduate students of electrical engineering, as well as practicing engineers and researchers in the field of renewable energy. The book has five chapters, each covering a specific topic in depth. The book also includes numerous examples, problems, and case studies to illustrate the concepts and applications of wind electric systems.
How to download the book for free?
If you are interested in reading the book Wind Electrical Systems by S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha and S. Banerjee, you can download it for free as a pdf file from the following link: https://www.scribd.com/document/423234334/S-N-Bhadra-D-Kastha-S-Banerjee-wind-electrical-systems-Oxford-University-Press-2013-1-pdf. This link is provided by Scribd, a digital library that hosts millions of books, documents, and audiobooks. You can access the pdf file by signing up for a free trial or by uploading a document of your own.
Main Body
Chapter 1: Wind Energy and its Utilization
Wind energy potential and characteristics
The first chapter of the book introduces the basics of wind energy and its utilization. It explains the origin and distribution of wind on the earth, and how to measure and estimate the wind speed and power at a given site. It also discusses the factors that affect the wind energy potential, such as the terrain, the height, and the season. The chapter presents some statistical methods to analyze the wind data and to calculate the energy output of a wind turbine.
Wind energy conversion principles and machines
The second section of the chapter describes the principles and machines of wind energy conversion. It introduces the concept of aerodynamic power coefficient and its relation to the tip speed ratio and the blade pitch angle. It also classifies the types of wind turbines based on their axis orientation, rotor configuration, and speed control. The chapter compares the advantages and disadvantages of horizontal-axis and vertical-axis wind turbines, as well as fixed-speed and variable-speed wind turbines.
Wind energy systems and applications
The third section of the chapter discusses the systems and applications of wind energy. It defines the terms of grid-connected and stand-alone systems, and explains their components and functions. It also presents some examples of wind energy applications in different sectors, such as agriculture, industry, transportation, and domestic use. The chapter highlights the benefits and challenges of integrating wind energy into the existing power system.
Chapter 2: Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines
Basic concepts and definitions
The second chapter of the book delves into the aerodynamics of wind turbines. It reviews some basic concepts and definitions related to fluid mechanics, such as pressure, density, viscosity, Reynolds number, lift, drag, and angle of attack. It also introduces some coordinate systems and reference frames used to analyze the aerodynamic forces on a wind turbine blade.
Blade element theory and performance prediction
The second section of the chapter explains the blade element theory and performance prediction of wind turbines. It divides a blade into several elements along its span, each with its own local wind speed, angle of attack, lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and torque coefficient. It then integrates these elements to obtain the overall performance parameters of the blade, such as thrust, power, efficiency, and tip loss factor. The chapter also discusses some correction factors to account for the effects of solidity, hub interference, wake rotation, and dynamic stall.
Blade design and optimization
The third section of the chapter covers the blade design and optimization of wind turbines. It describes some methods to select the optimal shape, size, material, and number of blades for a given wind turbine design. It also explains some techniques to optimize the blade pitch angle and twist angle along its span to maximize the power output or minimize the loads. The chapter also presents some examples of blade design using different software tools.
Chapter 3: Electrical Generators for Wind Turbines
Types of electrical generators
The third chapter of the book focuses on the electrical generators for wind turbines. It introduces the types of electrical generators based on their construction, excitation, connection, and control. It also compares their features, advantages, and disadvantages in terms of efficiency, reliability, cost, and maintenance.
Synchronous generators and their characteristics
The second section of the chapter describes the synchronous generators and their characteristics. It explains the working principle and operation of synchronous generators, both with electrically excited and permanent magnet fields. It also shows the equivalent circuit and phasor diagram of synchronous generators, and how to calculate their voltage regulation, power factor, and efficiency.
Induction generators and their characteristics
The third section of the chapter describes the induction generators and their characteristics. It explains the working principle and operation of induction generators, both with squirrel-cage and wound rotor types. It also shows the equivalent circuit and phasor diagram of induction generators, and how to calculate their slip, torque, power, and losses. It also discusses the methods of voltage and frequency control of induction generators, such as capacitor banks, variable frequency drives, and soft starters.
Chapter 4: Power Electronics for Wind Energy Conversion Systems
Power electronic converters and their functions
The fourth chapter of the book focuses on the power electronics for wind energy conversion systems. It introduces the power electronic converters and their functions in wind electric systems. It explains the basic concepts and components of power electronic converters, such as switches, diodes, thyristors, transistors, and gate drivers. It also describes the topologies and operation modes of different types of power electronic converters, such as rectifiers, inverters, choppers, cycloconverters, and matrix converters.
Grid-connected wind energy conversion systems
The second section of the chapter discusses the grid-connected wind energy conversion systems. It presents the configuration and control schemes of different types of grid-connected wind turbines, such as fixed-speed synchronous generator (FSSG), fixed-speed induction generator (FSIG), doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), variable-speed synchronous generator (VSSG), and variable-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (VSPMSG). It also analyzes the power quality issues and grid integration challenges of grid-connected wind turbines, such as voltage flicker, harmonics, reactive power compensation, fault ride-through capability, and grid synchronization.
Stand-alone wind energy conversion systems
The third section of the chapter covers the stand-alone wind energy conversion systems. It presents the configuration and control schemes of different types of stand-alone wind turbines, such as battery-based systems, diesel-generator hybrid systems, fuel cell hybrid systems, and microgrid systems. It also analyzes the load matching and voltage regulation issues of stand-alone wind turbines, such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT), dump load control, voltage source control, and frequency control.
Chapter 5: Control of Wind Energy Conversion Systems
Control objectives and strategies
The fifth chapter of the book deals with the control of wind energy conversion systems. It defines the control objectives and strategies for wind electric systems, such as maximizing power output, minimizing mechanical stress, ensuring stability and reliability, improving power quality, and complying with grid codes. It also introduces some control methods and tools for wind electric systems, such as feedback control, feedforward control, adaptive control, fuzzy logic control, neural network control, genetic algorithm optimization, and linear matrix inequality design.
Control of fixed-speed wind turbines
The second section of the chapter explains the control of fixed-speed wind turbines. It describes the control schemes for FSSG and FSIG wind turbines connected to the grid or operating in stand-alone mode. It also discusses the methods of pitch angle control, stall control, and yaw control of fixed-speed wind turbines, and how they affect the performance and stability of the wind electric system.
Control of variable-speed wind turbines
The third section of the chapter explains the control of variable-speed wind turbines. It describes the control schemes for DFIG, VSSG, and VSPMSG wind turbines connected to the grid or operating in stand-alone mode. It also discusses the methods of MPPT control, power control, voltage control, and frequency control of variable-speed wind turbines, and how they improve the efficiency and quality of the wind electric system.
Conclusion
Summary of the main points
In this article, we have reviewed a book that covers all the aspects of wind electric systems in a comprehensive and accessible way. The book is called Wind Electrical Systems by S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha and S. Banerjee, published by Oxford University Press in 2005. The book has five chapters, each covering a specific topic in depth: wind energy and its utilization, aerodynamics of wind turbines, electrical generators for wind turbines, power electronics for wind energy conversion systems, and control of wind energy conversion systems. The book also includes numerous examples, problems, and case studies to illustrate the concepts and applications of wind electric systems.
Benefits of reading the book
Reading the book Wind Electrical Systems by S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha and S. Banerjee can benefit anyone who is interested in learning more about wind electric systems. The book can help students to gain a solid foundation and understanding of the principles and technologies of wind electric systems. It can also help engineers and researchers to update their knowledge and skills in the field of renewable energy. Moreover, it can help policy makers and investors to evaluate the potential and feasibility of wind energy projects.
Future prospects of wind energy
Wind energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources in the world. It is expected that wind energy will play a significant role in meeting the growing demand for electricity and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the future. However, there are still some challenges and opportunities for further development and improvement of wind electric systems. Some of these include enhancing the reliability and efficiency of wind turbines, reducing the cost and environmental impact of wind power generation, integrating large-scale wind farms into the power grid, developing offshore and floating wind turbines, exploiting low-wind-speed sites, and exploring new applications of wind energy.
Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some frequently asked questions about the book Wind Electrical Systems by S.N. Bhadra, D. Kastha and S. Banerjee:
What is the main difference between fixed-speed and variable-speed wind turbines?
The main difference between fixed-speed and variable-speed wind turbines is that fixed-speed wind turbines operate at a constant rotor speed regardless of the wind speed variations, while variable-speed wind turbines adjust their rotor speed according to the wind speed variations. Variable-speed wind turbines can capture more wind energy and reduce mechanical stress than fixed-speed wind turbines.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of synchronous generators and induction generators for wind turbines?
Synchronous generators have some advantages over induction generators for wind turbines, such as higher efficiency, better voltage regulation, lower reactive power consumption, and easier grid synchronization. However, synchronous generators also have some disadvantages compared to induction generators for wind turbines, such as higher cost, higher weight, higher maintenance, and need for excitation power and speed sensors.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of power electronic converters for wind electric systems?
Power electronic converters have some advantages for wind electric systems, such as enabling variable-speed operation, improving power quality, enhancing grid integration, and providing fault protection. However, power electronic converters also have some disadvantages for wind electric systems, such as increasing cost, complexity, and losses, generating harmonics and electromagnetic interference, and requiring cooling and filtering systems.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of feedback control and feedforward control for wind electric systems?
Feedback control and feedforward control are two common control methods for wind electric systems. Feedback control uses the measured output of the system to adjust the input of the system to achieve the desired output. Feedforward control uses the measured disturbance of the system to adjust the input of the system to cancel out the effect of the disturbance. Feedback control has some advantages over feedforward control, such as being robust to uncertainties and disturbances, being easy to implement and tune, and being able to correct errors. However, feedback control also has some disadvantages compared to feedforward control, such as having a delay in response, being sensitive to noise and measurement errors, and being unable to prevent errors. Feedforward control has some advantages over feedback control, such as being fast in response, being insensitive to noise and measurement errors, and being able to prevent errors. However, feedforward control also has some disadvantages compared to feedback control, such as being sensitive to uncertainties and disturbances, being difficult to implement and tune, and being unable to correct errors.
What are the benefits and challenges of offshore and floating wind turbines?
Offshore and floating wind turbines are wind turbines that are installed in the sea or ocean, either on fixed foundations or on floating platforms. Offshore and floating wind turbines have some benefits over onshore wind turbines, such as having higher and more consistent wind speeds, having lower visual and noise impacts, having larger available areas, and having lower transmission losses. However, offshore and floating wind turbines also have some challenges compared to onshore wind turbines, such as having higher installation and maintenance costs, having higher technical and environmental risks, having limited grid access and stability, and having regulatory and social barriers.
What are some new applications of wind energy?
Some new applications of wind energy include using wind power for water desalination, hydrogen production, electric vehicle charging, smart grid management, green data centers, and space exploration.
71b2f0854b